williamhjcho/i18next

i18next

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This is an adaptation of i18next standard for Dart with support for Flutter localization techniques. This package is still a work in progress. Mind that this is still a pre-1.0.0 so breaking changes may occur frequently.

• [x] Support for variables

• [x] Support for namespaces

• [x] Support for context

• [x] Support for simple plural forms (one or plural)

• [x] Support for multiple plural forms (one, few, many, plural, ...)

• [x] Plural and context fallbacks

• [x] Locale and namespace fallbacks

• [x] Get string or object tree

• [x] Support for nesting

• [x] Flutter's LocalizationsDelegate support

• [x] Asset bundle localizations data source (retrieves from pubspec.yaml). See the example for more details.

• [ ] Sprintf support

• [ ] Resource caching

• [ ] Custom post-processing

• [ ] ~Retrieve resource files from server~ (won't do, see https://github.com/williamhjcho/i18next/issues/27)

Usage

Simples way to add the latest version is to run flutter pub add i18next Or you can declare it directly into your pubspec.yaml file:

dependencies:
  i18next: ^0.9.0 # (or the latest version available)

To use it with flutter's LocalizationsDelegate you first create I18NextLocalizationDelegate and register it in your WidgetsApp (MaterialApp or CupertinoApp).

I18NextLocalizationDelegate(
  locales: widget.locales,
  // this data source is from where the delegate will retrieve the localizations from (namespaces Map)
  dataSource: ...,
  // optional extra options can be added here
  options: I18NextOptions(...),
),

Then to access and use it, simply call

Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  // It finds the i18next instance on the widgets tree via `Localizations.of`
  I18Next.of(context).t(...);
  ...
}

But if you want to handle it yourself, then simply instantiate it:

I18Next(
  locale,
  // This store is from where i18next will attempt to retrieve the localizations from.
  resourceStore: ...,
  // Optional extra options can be added here
  options: I18NextOptions(...)
);

Syntax

For the simple and straightforward usages:

{
  "key": "Hello World!",
  "nested": {
    "key": "My nested key"
  }
}

i18next.t('key'); // 'Hello World!'
i18next.t('nested.key'); // 'My nested key'

// unmapped keys usually return themselves (when graceful fallback fails)
i18next.t('unspecifiedKey'); // 'unspecifiedKey'

• Basic Interpolation:

{
  "key": "Hello {{name}}!",
  "grouped_key": "Hello {{grouped.name}}"
}

i18next.t('key', arguments: {'name': 'World'}); // 'Hello World!'
i18next.t('grouped_key', arguments: {'grouped': {'name': 'Grouped World'}}); // 'Hello Grouped World!'

• Nesting:

{
  "nesting1": "1 $t(nesting2)",
  "nesting2": "2 $t(nesting3)",
  "nesting3": "3"
}

i18next.t('nesting1'); // "1 2 3"

• Plurals

{
  "key": "item",
  "key_plural": "items",
  "keyWithCount": "{{count}} item",
  "keyWithCount_plural": "{{count}} items"
}

i18next.t('key', count: 0); // 'items'
i18next.t('key', count: 1); // 'item'
i18next.t('key', count: 5); // 'items'
i18next.t('keyWithCount', count: 0); // '0 items'
i18next.t('keyWithCount', count: 1); // '1 item'
i18next.t('keyWithCount', count: 5); // '5 items'

There are also ways of dealing with locales with multiple plural: zero, one, few, many, others (key identifier) (Unsupported)

• Contexts like gender, are marked via underscores

{
    "genderMessage": "They",
    "genderMessage_male": "Him",
    "genderMessage_female": "Her"
}

i18next.t('genderMessage'); // 'They'
i18next.t('genderMessage', context: 'male'); // 'Him'
i18next.t('genderMessage', context: 'female'); // 'Her'

And can be used with plurals

{
  "friend": "A friend",
  "friend_plural": "{{count}} friends",
  "friend_male": "A boyfriend",
  "friend_female": "A girlfriend",
  "friend_male_plural": "{{count}} boyfriends",
  "friend_female_plural": "{{count}} girlfriends"
}

i18next.t('friend'); // 'A friend'
i18next.t('friend', count: 1); // 'A friend'
i18next.t('friend', count: 100); // '100 friends'

i18next.t('friend', context: 'male', count: 1); // 'A boyfriend'
i18next.t('friend', context: 'female', count: 1); // 'A girlfriend'
i18next.t('friend', context: 'male', count: 100); // '100 boyfriends'
i18next.t('friend', context: 'female', count: 100); // '100 girlfriends'

• Formatting

{
  "key1": "{{text, uppercase}} just uppercased",
  "key2": "The current date is {{now, datetime(format:dd/MM/yyyy)}}",
  "key3": "Right now we are in {{now, datetime(format:MMM), uppercase}}."
}

i18next.t('key1', arguments: { 'text': 'my text' }); // 'MY TEXT just uppercased'
i18next.t('key2', arguments: { 'now': DateTime.now() }); // 'The current date is 21/01/2020'
i18next.t('key3', arguments: { 'now': DateTime.now() }); // 'Right now we are in JAN.'

There are other usages and possibilities as well, this is just an example of what is defined by this format.

• Namespaces: A namespace can be thought of as logical groupings of different sets of translations. In a given namespace you could have a set of languages, each with their own set of keys. They can also be understood as separate files. For example:

  • common.json: Things that are reused everywhere, eg. Button labels 'save', 'cancel'
  • validation.json: All validation texts
  • glossary.json: Words we want to be reused consistently inside texts

// common.json
{
  "myKey": "This key is in common"
}

// feature.json
{
  "myKey": "This key is in my feature"
}

i18next.t('common:myKey'); // 'This key is in common'
i18next.t('feature:myKey'); // 'This key is in my feature'

• Context/plural fallback mechanism:

{
  "friend": "A friend",
  "friend_female": "A girlfriend"
}

i18next.t('friend'); // 'A friend'

i18next.t('friend', count: 1); // 'A friend'
// It fallbacks to `friend` since `friend_plural` is not present
i18next.t('friend', count: 2); // 'A friend'

i18next.t('friend', context: 'female'); // 'A girlfriend'
// It fallbacks to `friend` since `friend_male` is not present
i18next.t('friend', context: 'male'); // 'A friend'

There is a way to also set the default namespace or a order of namespaces so a key knows where to start looking for the translation.